2009-02-01 千家十職について。
_ 毎月送られてくる『月刊みんぱく』の折り込み広告のなかに，〔特別展〕茶の湯のものづくりと世界のわざ「千家十職×みんぱく」というリーフレットが入っていた。何気なく眺めていたら，待てよ，と思うことが浮かんできた。
まず，千家十職とはどういうことなのだろうか，と思ってこのリーフレットを眺めていたら，つぎのような解説文に出会った。
千家十職とは，茶室で使われた道具，露地や水屋で使われる道具など，茶事全般の道具を作ってきた十の家です。そして３００年から４００年を超える歴史を持ち，当代で１１代から１７代を数えます。珍しい裏道具や歴代の逸品を通して，その仕事と歴史を示します。
なるほどと思って，つぎを読んでいたら，千家十職の一覧が紹介されていた。それによると以下のとおりである。
〔金物師〕中川浄益家，〔表具師〕奥村吉兵衛家，〔竹細工・柄杓師〕黒田正玄家，〔袋師〕土田友湖家，〔土風炉・焼物師〕永楽善五郎家，〔茶碗師〕楽吉左衛門家，〔釜師〕大西清右衛門家，〔一閑張細工師〕飛来一閑家，〔塗師〕中村宗哲家，〔指物師〕駒澤利斎家。
言ってみれば，利休の起こした茶の湯の道を引き継ぐ「千家」を支える裏方の職人さんたちで，全部で十職あったということだ。これらの十職のほとんどがこんにちどのような評価を受けているのかは，わたしにはわからない。が，たった一つ，〔茶碗師〕楽吉左衛門家だけは知っている。一般的には「楽焼」として広く知られているからだ。千家の茶の湯を支える茶碗であるから，道具としては「主役」と考えていいだろう。もともとは千家お抱えの茶碗師だったのが，いまでは，立派なアートの世界で一本立ちして，高く評価されている。
わたしのような門外漢でも，現代の当主である吉左衛門さんの文章を読んだことがあり，なかなかの名文で，強烈な印象が残っている。とりわけ，仏教的なコスモロジーに通暁しているばかりか，みずから坐禅にも取り組み，そこから立ち上がるイメージが茶碗を制作するときの原動力になっている，とわたしは受け取った。また，まったく別のご縁で，ご子息さんの個展を銀座の画廊で拝見させてもらったこともある。おまけに，お話もさせてもらった。そんな馴染みが生まれたせいか，楽家の情報も少しずつ蓄積されるようになった。
こうした個人的なことはともかくとして，ここで触れておきたいことは以下のことだ。
千家の茶の湯を支える〔茶碗師〕の仕事が，アートとして立派に独立しているのに比べて，能楽師の舞う能楽を支える〔能面師〕（「面打師」というのが正式らしい）の仕事は，それが舞台で使われたとしても，だれの作品であるかは表にでてくることもなく，打ち捨てられたままになっている，というのである。もちろん，面打ちの名人と言われる人は過去に何人も輩出しているのだが，なぜか，茶碗の楽家のような具合にはいかなかったのだ。だから，能面作家は，いま現在もアートとして独立できないままになっている。つまり，単なる職人のままの地位しか与えられてはいないのである。たとえば，面打師の制作した能面をアートとして評価してもらおうと思っても，日展でも，伝統工芸展でも，受け入れてはくれないのだそうである。つまり，芸術作品として認められてはいないのが現状だという。
もちろん，これらの情報のほとんどは柏木裕美さんからいただいたもので，それにわたしが若干の脚色をほどこしてはいるのだが・・・。こういう現状にどうしても満足できなくなった柏木さんは，とうとう，自分で「創作面」を打って，個展をやろうとしている。それが，２月９日（月）から銀座・文藝春秋画廊ではじまる「飛天」である。案内にいただいたはがきには「オバマ」新大統領の「面」が載っている。ほかに，「ライス」さん，「ヒラリー」さんも展示されるという。
千家十職の楽吉左衛門家のことを考えると，柏木さんが能楽の世界でやろうとしていることの構想の壮大さが浮かび上がってくる。これまでおとなしく能楽師に仕えるだけの道を歩んできた面打師の世界にあっては，まさに，これは「革命」そのものである。それだけに，柏木さんの今回の展覧会に賭ける意気込みは大変なものである。まだ，だれも歩いたことのない，まったくの未知の世界に第一歩を踏み出そうというのである。まさに，世界でたった一人で起こす叛乱である。そのことを思い浮かべるだけで，わたしの足はふるえはじめる。いや，その「ふるえ」は全身にひろがっていく。
西谷修氏といい，柏木裕美さんといい，とんでもない人と太極拳の兄弟弟子になってしまったものだ。だから，この人たちと一緒の稽古は，ちょっと信じられないほどの異様な雰囲気につつまれることになる。その，なんともいえない緊張感が，また，新たな「ふるえ」を導き出すのである。だから，つづいてきたのだろうと思う。
兄弟弟子としては，なにがなんでも今回の柏木さんの「能面展」は成功してほしい。しかし，いつの世も同じであるが，こうしたラジカルな試みには時代や社会がついてこれないのが実情である。それでも，だれか一人だけでもいい，先見の明のある美術評論家か，画商が現れてほしいものだ。人事をつくして天命を待つ，という俚諺もある。あとは「待つ，しかないか」（木田元・竹内敏晴氏の著書の名前からのパクリ）。
さて，神さまがいるとしたら，この柏木さんのたった一人の叛乱をどう評価するのだろうか，と祈りを込めて天を仰ぐ。
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