2009-11-13 つつじの花の「狂い咲き」
_ 鷺沼の事務所への通り道に小さな公園がある。そのフェンスに沿ってつつじが植えてある。そのつつじに,ところどころにいま花が咲いている。
思わずわが目を疑った。近づいていって確かめてみたが,間違いなくつつじの木に咲いた花である。よく蔓草のようなものが巻きついていて,つつじによく似た花を咲かせることがある。それにしても季節が違うと思いながら確認した。つつじの花が,それも間隔をおいて,3〜4株の木に咲いている。しばらく立ち止まって考えてしまった。雪の季節になって桜の花が狂い咲きした,というようなことは時折,ニュースになって流れることがこれまでにもあった。しかし,つつじの花は聞いたことがない。
ことしの夏も秋口も,なぜか夏らしさを感じなかったし,秋になったなぁという感慨もなかった。秋晴れの透き通るような青空も数えるほどしかなかったように思う。そして,気づいたら,今日はとても寒い。新聞の予報では最高気温は14℃だという。もう立派な冬である。街中を歩く人もコートを羽織っている人が目立つ。わたしはようやく革ジャンを引っ張りだしてきて,バスクのべレー帽を被り,2年前のスペイン・バスクのセミナーを思い出して気分は上々。そんな気分で歩いていたら,つつじの「狂い咲き」に出会ってしまった。
自然界にもいろいろのことがむかしからあって,地球も暖かくなったり,冷たくなったりを繰り返してきた。そのつど,人間もたいへんな目にあってきた。そうして淘汰されながら生き残ったのがこんにちのわれわれである。適者生存と生物学ではいうが,この「適者」とはいかなる人間のことを意味するのか,じつはむつかしい。
新自由主義なる風がひところ強く吹き,「勝ち組」と「負け組」を生み出した。ここでは,「勝ち組」が適者で「負け組」は不敵者扱いをされている。つまり,強いものが勝ち残り,弱者は沈没していく。そして,「負け組」に自己責任の名をかぶせて合理化し,片づけようとしているかにみえる。これもまた一つの適者生存。
「負け組」のなかからはなんとかして生き残ろうとする意志強き人びとも立ち現れる。ときには,反権力をかざして,非合法な手段に訴える者も現れる。「勝ち組」は,いかなる理由で「負け組」が誕生したのかという,根の深い「理由」には徹底して「フタ」をし,自分たちの立場を合理化することにのみ専念する。その合理化が済めば,圧倒的な武力を行使してでも「テロリスト」という名の「負け組」を殲滅させることに狂気ともいうべき情熱をそそぐ。
さきほどの,つつじの「狂い咲き」の伝でいえば,植物の世界ですら狂いが生じている。動物の世界でも同じような異変を『ナショナル・ジオグラフィック』などをみていると知ることができる。しかし,もっとも狂ってしまったのは,どうも人間ではないか,と思う。しかも,もっとも狂ってしまったのが,どうやら「勝ち組」といわれる人びとではないか,と。
つつじは,みずからの意志で「狂い咲き」しているわけではない。むしろ,狂わされてしまった,というべきだろう。動物にしたって同じだ。自然の法則どおりに生を紡いでいるうちに,どこかのスイッチが狂わされてしまっただけの話だ。人間も同じように,狂わされてしまった,と言ってすまされるだろうか。
それは違うだろう。なぜ,狂わされてしまったのだろうか,という根源的な「問い」に応答する作用としての新たな「理性」を立ち上げることが,現代世界の「狂気」から離脱し,移行するための喫緊の課題ではないか,と西谷さんの『理性の探求』(岩波書店)は教えてくれる。「勝ち組」の人のなかにも,どこか奇怪しい,われわれは狂わされてしまっている,と気づいている人たちがいる。また,「負け組」の人のなかにも,もちろん,同じように考えている人たちがたくさんいる。しかし,狂わされてしまったのは「なぜ」なのか,と問う人は少ない。まずは,この現代世界を覆ってしまった「狂気」が,どこからはじまったのかという「根源」的な「原因」「理由」「根拠」を問うことからはじめよう,と西谷さんは投げかける。これこそが,本来の「理性」(=reason)ではないか,と。ヨーロッパ近代の生み出した「理性」は,科学主義を生み,資本主義を合理化し,巨大産業を生み出し,数量的合理主義を徹底させ,知性や効率主義に過剰な価値をおき・・・,という具合にして,いつのまにやら「狂気」に到達してしまった。こうしたヨーロッパ近代の文化的土壌のなかから,スポーツ文化が誕生し,いつのまにやら「勝利至上主義」という「狂気」に到達してしまった。しかも,このことに気づいている人もまだまだ圧倒的少数派にすぎない。ましてや,実際に行動を起こしている人にいたっては奇人・変人あつかいである。
いま,わたしたちは「狂気」の真っ只中に生きている。しかも,この「狂気」に適応して生き延びていくことが,まるで適者生存であるかのように,メディアの情報は操作されている。
今日,オバマ君が台風のようにやってきて台風のように去っていく。たった一日だけの滞在。沖縄基地問題について,メディアがどのような報道をするか,わたしの目はその一点に集中している。最初から,日本のメディアの腰が引けている。そうではなくて,お互いがお互いの立場からの主張を出し合って,その上で「折り合い」のつけどころを探る,古今東西,むかしから人間はそうやって,それぞれの可能な生存のありようを模索してきたはずだ。それが,本来の「歴史」ではないのか。はじめから勝負がついているかのような「試合」は,だれも見向きもしない。
今朝の,つつじの「狂い咲き」に出会った,その一瞬,わたしのからだの中を稲妻が走った。
グローバリゼーションの問題系を考えるための一つの大きなテーマがここにも存在する,と。
冬に咲く種類があったと思います。
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