2010-04-21 １０００分の１秒の差，理性的？いや狂気の沙汰。
_ 「理性」が「狂気」と化しつつある，という議論をこのところ繰り返しやってきている。そこで，今日は，その具体例をあげて考えてみたい。
１０００分の１秒の差を計測して，競技の順位を決めるという方法が正式に採用されたのは，ご存じのように，ことしのバンクーバー・オリンピック（２月１３日〜２７日開催）が最初だった。その結果，とても面白いことが起こった。メディアはほとんどなんの反応も示すことなく，ごく当たり前というか，きわめて厳正な順位決定としてそのまま受け入れたようにみえる。スケート・ファンからも，これといった苦言はでてこなかった。おそらく，最新のハイテクノロジーによって計測された時間，すなわち，現代の「理性」の粋ともいうべき科学的合理主義のはじきだした時間に，絶対的な「信」をおいているからだろう。
しかし，わたしの眼からすれば，これはとんでもない珍事としか映らなかった。たとえば，スピード・スケートの男子５００メートル決勝レース。優勝は韓国の牟選手で，記録は１分０９秒８２（３４秒９２３＋３４秒９０６），第二位に長島選手，１分０９秒９８（３５秒１０８＋３４秒８７６），第三位に加藤選手，１分１０秒０１（３４秒９３７＋３５秒０７６）。
確認するまでもなく，優勝と第二位の差は１００分の１６秒，第二位と第三位の差は１００分の３秒にすぎない。このことはいったいなにを意味しているのだろうか。まずは，１０００分の１秒まで計測するということの意味はどこにあるのか，ということ。もうひとつには，２回滑ってその合計タイムで競うということの意味，である。
５００メートルを２回滑るわけなので，合計１０００メートルを滑って，その差が１００分の１６秒と１００分の３秒でしかないということ。この差は人間の肉眼ではまったく判断ができないということだ。もし，かりに３人が一緒に滑ったとする。ゴールには，３人がひとかたまりとなって滑り込んできて，その差を肉眼で確認することは不可能だということだ。だから，人間の肉眼よりもはるかに性能のいいハイテクノロジーの「眼」に委ねるしかないのである。このことは「科学」的にはまったく正しい。しかし，人間の競技能力を比較し，優劣を決定する方法として，これが正しいかどうかとなると，これはまた別問題である。つまり，１０００メートルを滑って１００分の３秒という「差」に，有意差があるのか，ということだ。おそらく，滑っている選手たちも，そして，計測員にも，また，観客にも，つまり，人間のだれもその「差」を確認することができないのだろう。計器のはじきだしたタイムをみて，順位を確認するだけだとしたら，もはや，そこには人間の存在はないに等しい。つまり，人間不在の世界で順位が決定されているのである。もっと言ってしまえば，そこは「神の領域」だ。もちろん，スポーツにとっての「神の領域」ということだ。そこに割り込んでいって，ハイテクノロジーを用いて優劣の「判定」を行うことの，人間の不遜さに，わたしは大きな違和感を覚える。では，どうすればいいのか。全員「同着」でいいのではないか。
古い記録をみると，たとえば，シャモニー・オリンピック（１９２４年第一回冬季オリンピック）の５００メートルの記録は，第一位４４秒０，第二位４４秒２，第三位４４秒８に二人が入り「同着」として表彰されている。つまり，１０分の１秒のレベルで同タイムであれば「同着」と判定されたのである。これでいい，とわたしは考える。１０分の１秒の「差」は，１メートル強の差に相当する。１メートル以上の「差」がつかなかったら「同着」という，いかにも「人間」らしい判定だとおもう。実際には必ずしも一緒に滑るわけではないので，その「差」を肉眼で確認することもできない，という特殊な事情がスピード・スケートにはある。だから，なおのこと「同着」という判定がいい，とわたしは考える。
もうひとつの問題は，２回のタイムを合計して優劣を決めるという方法である。なにゆえに，「合計タイム」でなければならないのか。決勝レースを２回のトライアルにすることそのことには反対ではない。２回のトライアルのうち良かった記録をその選手のベスト・レコードとして優劣を判定するのであれば，わたしは賛成である。そうすると，この間のバンクーバーの５００メートルの優勝者は長島選手ということになる。この問題はまた別の論理が入り込んできて，話が長くなるので，ここで打ち切り。
ここでは１０００分の１秒まで計測して，優劣の判定をしなければならない必然性に焦点を当てるだけで十分であろう。そして，その必然性がどこにあるのかということを一度，冷静に考えなくてはいけない，とわたしは強くおもう。これこそ「理性」が「狂気」の領域に踏み込んでしまった好例だろうとわたしは考えるのだが・・・・。
全能の神ゼウスを称える祭典、古代オリンピック。この大会ではゼウスに祝福された者が勝つ。したがって、ゼウスの恩寵を得られなかった者の着順は、それ以外―（2位や3位や入賞などという概念が存在しなかった）―と聞きます。<br>ご文章中に「そこは、神の領域だ」とあります。100分の数秒や1000分の数秒の違いによる優勝者決定という言葉を耳にしますと、最近のオリンピックでは「時間が神に取って代わったのだ」の印象を持ちます。今や、「時は金なり：Time is money. 」―（「朱鷺（トキ）は金（キン）なり」の駄洒落を思い出しました）―ではなく、「時は神なり：Time is god. 」ですね。
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